Hysteroscopic septum resection is a surgical procedure that removes a uterine septum, which is one of the most common congenital malformations. The procedure is performed with hysteroscopy, a procedure in which the doctor inserts a small and lighted instrument called the hysteroscope into the patient’s vaginal opening. The doctor passes the surgical instrument along with the hysteroscope to remove the uterine septum. Post-surgery, the doctor may insert a balloon catheter to prevent the uterus’ walls from scarring. Septum resection does not require hospitalization, and most patients can leave on the same day.