Ultrasound is a non-invasive imaging technique that has become an important tool in the diagnosis and treatment of infertility. It is used to assess the health of the uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes, detect ovarian cysts, fibroids, or polyps, and evaluate the endometrial lining. Ultrasound plays a role in monitoring the uterus during ovarian stimulation and early pregnancy. The assessment of uterine leiomyoma is historically achieved with ultrasonography, although computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) also offer detection of uterine fibroids. Three-dimensional ultrasound (3D US) has become an approved tool for use in the field of in vitro fertilization (IVF).